Os X Rootkit Hunter For Mac

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  4. Os X Rootkit Hunter For Mac Free

NOTE:

Security researcher Dino Dai Zovi has had his hands in the Mac OS X security dirt for a long time. In fact, he says he has been using OS X since it was referred to as 'the next step.'

Between mid October 2019 and mid February 2020 everyone in the Army was migrated to use their PIV Authentication certificate for Email access. You no longer use the Email certificate for Enterprise Email.

Mac users who choose to upgrade (or already have upgraded) to Mac OS Catalina (10.15.x) will need to uninstall all 3rd Party CAC enablers per https://militarycac.com/macuninstall.htm AND reenable the built in smart card ability (very bottom of macuninstall link above)

If you purchased your Mac with OS Catalina (10.15.x) already installed, you can skip the uninstall part above and follow the instructions below.

6 'high level' steps needed, follow down the page to make this a painless systematic process

1.Is your CAC reader 'Mac friendly'?
2.Can your Mac 'see' the reader?
3.Verify which version of Mac OS you have
4.Figure out which CAC (ID card) you have
5.Install the DoD certificates
5a.Additional DoD certificate installation instructions for Firefox users
6.Decide which CAC enabler you want to use (except for 10.12-.15)

Step 1: Is your CAC reader Mac friendly?

Visit the USB Readers page to verify the CAC reader you have is Mac friendly.

Visit the USB-C Readers page to verify the CAC reader you have is Mac friendly.

'Some, not all' CAC readers may need to have a driver installed to make it work.

NOTE: Readers such as: SCR-331 & SCR-3500A may need a firmware update (NO OTHER Readers need firmware updates).

Information about these specific readers are in Step 2

Step 2: Can your Mac 'see' the reader?

Plug the CAC reader into an open USB port before proceeding, give it a few moments to install

Step 2a: Click the Apple Icon in the upper left corner of the desktop, select 'About This Mac'

Step 2b: Click the 'More Info' (button) (Mac OS 10.6.x and older), Mac OS 10.7.x (and newer) proceed to step 2c

Step 2c: Click 'System Report..' (button) (Only shown in 10.7.x and newer)

Step 2d: Verify the CAC reader shows in Hardware, USB, under USB Device Tree. Different readers will show differently, most readers have no problem in this step. See Step 2d1 for specific reader issues.

Step 2d1: Verify firmware version on your SCR-331 or GSR-202, 202V, 203 CAC, or SCR-3500a reader. If you have a reader other than these 5, Proceed directly to step 3

Step 2d1a-SCR-331 reader

If your reader does not look like this, go to the next step.

In the 'Hardware' drop down, click 'USB.' On the right side of the screen under 'USB Device Tree' the window will display all hardware plugged into the USB ports on your Mac. Look for “SCRx31 USB Smart Card Reader.” If the Smart Card reader is present, look at 'Version' in the lower right corner of this box: If you have a number below 5.18, you need to update your firmware to 5.25. If you are already at 5.18 or 5.25, your reader is installed on your system, and no further hardware changes are required. You can now Quit System Profiler and continue to Step 3.

Step 2d1b-SCR-3500A reader

If you have the SCR3500A P/N:905430-1 CAC reader,you may need to install this driver, as the one that installs automatically will not work on most Macs. Hold the control key [on your keyboard] when clicking the .pkg file [with your mouse], select [the word] Open

Step 3: Verify which version of MacOS do you have?

(You need to know this information for step 6)

Step 3a: Click the Apple Icon in the upper left corner of your desktop and select 'About This Mac'

Step 3b: Look below Mac OS X for: Example: Version 10.X.X.

Step 4: Figure out which CAC (ID Card) you have

(You need to know this information for step 6)

Look at the top back of your ID card for these card types. If you have any version other than the six shown below, you need to visit an ID card office and have it replaced. All CACs [other than these six] were supposed to be replaced prior to 1 October 2012.

Find out how to flip card over video

Step 5: Install the DoD certificates (for Safari and Chrome Users)

Go to Keychain Access

Click: Go (top of screen), Utilities, double click Keychain Access.app

(You can also type: keychain access using Spotlight (this is my preferred method))

Select login (under Keychains),and All Items (under Category).

Download the 5 files via links below (you may need to <ctrl> click, select Download Linked File As.. on each link) Save to your downloads folder

Please know.. IF You have any DoD certificates already located in your keychain access, you will need to delete them prior to running the AllCerts.p7b file below.

https://militarycac.com/maccerts/AllCerts.p7b,

https://militarycac.com/maccerts/RootCert2.cer,

https://militarycac.com/maccerts/RootCert3.cer,

https://militarycac.com/maccerts/RootCert4.cer, and

Double click each of the files to install certificates into the login section of keychain

Select the Kind column, verify the arrow is pointing up, scroll down to certificate, look for all of the following certificates:

DOD EMAIL CA-33 through DOD EMAIL CA-34,

DOD EMAIL CA-39 through DOD EMAIL CA-44,

DOD EMAIL CA-49 through DOD EMAIL CA-52,

DOD EMAIL CA-59,

DOD ID CA-33 through DOD ID CA-34,

DOD ID CA-39 through DOD ID CA-44,

DOD ID CA-49 through DOD ID CA-52,

DOD ID CA-59

DOD ID SW CA-35 through DOD ID SW CA-38,

DOD ID SW CA-45 through DOD ID SW CA-48,

DoD Root CA 2 through DoD Root CA 5,

DOD SW CA-53 through DOD SW CA-58, and

DOD SW CA-60 through DOD SW CA-61

NOTE: If you are missing any of the above certificates, you have 2 choices,

1. Delete all of them, and re-run the 5 files above, or

2. Download the allcerts.zip file and install each of the certificates you are missing individually.

Errors:

Hunter

Error 100001 Solution

Error 100013 Solution

You may notice some of the certificates will have a red circle with a white X . This means your computer does not trust those certificates

You need to manually trust the DoD Root CA 2, 3, 4, & 5 certificates

Double click each of the DoD Root CA certificates, select the triangle next to Trust, in the When using this certificate: select Always Trust, repeat until all 4 do not have the red circle with a white X.

You may be prompted to enter computer password when you close the window

Once you select Always Trust, your icon will have a light blue circle with a white + on it.

The 'bad certs' that have caused problems for Windows users now show up in the keychain access section on some Macs. These need to be deleted / moved to trash.

The DoD Root CA 2 & 3 you are removing has a light blue frame, leave the yellow frame version. The icons may or may not have a red circle with the white x

or DoD Interoperability Root CA 1 or CA 2 certificate
DoD Root CA 2 or 3 (light blue frame ONLY) certificate
or Federal Bridge CA 2016 or 2013 certificate
or Federal Common Policy CAcertificate
or or SHA-1 Federal Root CA G2 certificate
or US DoD CCEB Interoperability Root CA 1 certificate

If you have tried accessing CAC enabled sites prior to following these instructions, please go through this page before proceeding

Clearing the keychain (opens a new page)

Please come back to this page to continue installation instructions.

Step 5a: DoD certificate installation instructions for Firefox users

NOTE: Firefox will not work on Catalina, or last 4 versions of Mac OS if using the native Apple smartcard ability

Download AllCerts.zip, [remember where you save it].

double click the allcerts.zip file (it'll automatically extract into a new folder)

Option 1 to install the certificates (semi automated):

From inside the AllCerts extracted folder, select all of the certificates

<control> click (or Right click) the selected certificates, select Open With, Other..

In the Enable (selection box), change to All Applications

Select Firefox, then Open

You will see several dozen browser tabs open up, let it open as many as it wants.

You will eventually start seeing either of the 2 messages shown next

If the certificate is not already in Firefox, a window will pop up stating 'You have been asked to trust a new Certificate Authority (CA).'

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Check all three boxes to allow the certificate to: identify websites, identify email users, and identify software developers

or

'Alert This certificate is already installed as a certificate authority.' Click OK

Once you've added all of the certificates..
• Click Firefox (word) (upper left of your screen)
• Preferences
• Advanced (tab)
• Press Network under the Advanced Tab
• In the Cached Web Content section, click Clear Now (button).
• Quit Firefox and restart it

Option 2 to install the certificates (very tedious manual):

Click Firefox (word) (upper left of your screen)

Preferences

Advanced (tab on left side of screen)

Certificates (tab)

View Certificates (button)

Authorities (tab)

Import (button)

Browse to the DoD certificates (AllCerts) extracted folder you downloaded and extracted above.

Note: You have to do this step for every single certificate

Note2: If the certificate is already in Firefox, a window will pop up stating: 'Alert This certificate is already installed as a certificate authority (CA).' Click OK

Note3: If the certificate is not already in Firefox, a window will pop up stating 'You have been asked to trust a new Certificate Authority (CA).'

Check all three boxes to allow the certificate to: identify websites, identify email users, and identify software developers

Once you've added all of the certificates..
• Click Firefox (word) (upper left of your screen)
• Preferences
• Advanced (tab)
• Press Network under the Advanced Tab
• In the Cached Web Content section, click Clear Now (button).
• Quit Firefox and restart it

Step 6: Decide which CAC enabler you can / want to use

Only for Mac El Capitan (10.11.x or older)

After installing the CAC enabler, restart the computer and go to a CAC enabled website

NOTE: Mac OS Sierra (10.12.x), High Sierra (10.13.x), Mojave (10.14.x) or Catalina (10.15.x) computers do not need a CAC Enabler.

Try to access the CAC enabled site you need to access now

Mac support provided by: Michael Danberry

If you Mac is acting strangely and you suspect a rootkit, then you’ll need to get to work downloading and scanning with several different tools. It’s worth noting that you could have a rootkit installed and not even know it.

The main distinguishing factor that makes a rootkit special is that it gives someone remote administrator control over your computer without your knowledge. Once someone has access to your computer, they can simply spy on you or they can make any change they want to your computer. The reason why you have to try several different scanners is because rootkits are notoriously hard to detect.

For me, if I even suspect there is a rootkit installed on a client computer, I immediately backup the data and perform a clean install of the operating system. This is obviously easier said than done and it’s not something I recommend everyone do. If you’re not sure if you have a rootkit, it’s best to use the following tools in the hopes of discovering the rootkit. If nothing comes up using multiple tools, you’re probably OK.

If a rootkit is found, it’s up to you to decide whether the removal was successful or whether you should just start from a clean slate. It’s also worth mentioning that since OS X is based on UNIX, a lot of the scanners use the command line and require quite a bit of technical know-how. Since this blog is geared towards beginners, I’m going to try to stick to the easiest tools that you can use to detect rootkits on your Mac.

Malwarebytes for Mac

The most user-friendly program you can use to remove any rootkits from your Mac is Malwarebytes for Mac. It’s not just for rootkits, but also any kind of Mac viruses or malware.

You can download the free trial and use it up to 30 days. The cost is $40 if you want to purchase the program and get real-time protection. It’s the easiest program to use, but it’s also probably not going to find a really hard to detect rootkit, so if you can take the time to use the command line tools below, you’ll get a much better idea of whether or not you have a rootkit.

Rootkit Hunter

Rootkit Hunter is my favorite tool to use on the Mac for finding rootkits. It’s relatively easy to use and the output is very easy to understand. Firstly, go to the download page and click on the green download button.

Go ahead and double-click on the .tar.gz file to unpack it. Then open a Terminal window and navigate to that directory using the CD command.

Once there, you need to run the installer.sh script. To do this, use the following command:

You’ll be prompted to enter your password to run the script.

If all went well, you should see some lines about the installation starting and directories being created. At the end, it should say Installation Complete.

Before you run the actual rootkit scanner, you have to update the properties file. To do this, you need to type the following command:

You should get a short message indicating that this process worked. Now you can finally run the actual rootkit check. To do that, use the following command:

The first thing it’ll do is check the system commands. For the most part, we want green OKs here and as few red Warnings as possible. Once that is complete, you will press Enter and it’ll start checking for rootkits.

Here you want to ensure all of them say Not Found. If anything comes up red here, you definitely have a rootkit installed. Lastly, it’ll do some checks on the file system, local host and network. At the very end, it’ll give you a nice summary of the results.

If you want more details about the warnings, type in cd /var/log and then type in sudo cat rkhunter.log to see the entire log file and the explanations for the warnings. You don’t have to worry too much about the commands or startup files messages as those are normally OK. The main thing is that nothing was found when checking for rootkits.

chkrootkit

Rootkit Windows

chkrootkit is a free tool that will locally check for signs of a rootkit. It currently checks for about 69 different rootkits. Go to the site, click on Download at the top and then click on chkrootkit latest Source tarball to download the tar.gz file.

Go to the Downloads folder on your Mac and double-click on the file. This will uncompress it and create a folder in Finder called chkrootkit-0.XX. Now open a Terminal window and navigate to the uncompressed directory.

Basically, you cd into the Downloads directory and then into the chkrootkit folder. Telnet replacement for mac os high sierra 10 13 6. Once there, you type in the command to make the program:

You don’t have to use the sudo command here, but since it requires root privileges to run, I have included it. Before the command will work, you might get a message saying the developer tools need to be installed in order to use the make command.

Go ahead and click on Install to download and install the commands. Once complete, run the command again. You may see a bunch of warnings, etc., but just ignore those. Lastly, you will type the following command to run the program:

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You should see some output like what is shown below:

You’ll see one of three output messages: not infected, not tested and not found. Not infected means it didn’t find any rootkit signature, not found means the command to be tested is not available and not tested means the test was not performed due to various reasons.

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Hopefully, everything comes out not infected, but if you do see any infection, then your machine has been compromised. The developer of the program writes in the README file that you should basically reinstall the OS in order to get rid of the rootkit, which is basically what I also suggest.

ESET Rootkit Detector

ESET Rootkit Detector is another free program which is much easier to use, but the main downside is that it only works on OS X 10.6, 10.7 and 10.8. Considering OS X is almost to 10.13 right now, this program won’t be helpful for most people.

Unfortunately, there aren’t many programs out there that check for rootkits on Mac. There are a lot more for Windows and that’s understandable since the Windows user base is so much larger. However, using the tools above, you should hopefully get a decent idea of whether or not a rootkit is installed on your machine. Enjoy!